快速获取全部表单元素

2023-12-27 17:17:37

form-serialize 插件

方式

使用 form-serialize 插件，快速收集目标表单范围内表单元素的值

讲解

1.我们以前收集表单元素的值，是一个个标签获取的

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2.如果一套表单里有很多很多表单元素，如何一次性快速收集出来呢？

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3.使用 form-serialize 插件提供的 serialize 函数就可以办到

4.form-serialize 插件语法：

  1. 引入 form-serialize 插件到自己网页中

  2. 使用 serialize 函数

    • 参数1：要获取的 form 表单标签对象（要求表单元素需要有 name 属性-用来作为收集的数据中属性名）

    • 参数2：配置对象

      • hash：
        • true - 收集出来的是一个 JS 对象结构
        • false - 收集出来的是一个查询字符串格式
      • empty：
        • true - 收集空值
        • false - 不收集空值

5.需求：收集登录表单里用户名和密码

6.对应代码：

   <!DOCTYPE html>
   <html lang="en">
   
   <head>
     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
     <title>form-serialize插件使用</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
     <form action="javascript:;" class="example-form">
       <input type="text" name="username">
       <br>
       <input type="text" name="password">
       <br>
       <input type="button" class="btn" value="提交">
     </form>
     <!-- 
       目标：在点击提交时，使用form-serialize插件，快速收集表单元素值
       1. 把插件引入到自己网页中
     -->
     <script src="./lib/form-serialize.js"></script>
     <script>
       document.querySelector('.btn').addEventListener('click', () => {
         /**
          * 2. 使用serialize函数，快速收集表单元素的值
          * 参数1：要获取哪个表单的数据
          *  表单元素设置name属性，值会作为对象的属性名
          *  建议name属性的值，最好和接口文档参数名一致
          * 参数2：配置对象
          *  hash 设置获取数据结构
          *    - true：JS对象（推荐）一般请求体里提交给服务器
          *    - false: 查询字符串
          *  empty 设置是否获取空值
          *    - true: 获取空值（推荐）数据结构和标签结构一致
          *    - false：不获取空值
         */
         const form = document.querySelector('.example-form')
         const data = serialize(form, { hash: true, empty: true })
         // const data = serialize(form, { hash: false, empty: true })
         // const data = serialize(form, { hash: true, empty: false })
         console.log(data)
       })
     </script>
   </body>
   
   </html>

插件源文件form-serialize.js:

// get successful control from form and assemble into object
// http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.html#h-17.13.2

// types which indicate a submit action and are not successful controls
// these will be ignored
var k_r_submitter = /^(?:submit|button|image|reset|file)$/i;

// node names which could be successful controls
var k_r_success_contrls = /^(?:input|select|textarea|keygen)/i;

// Matches bracket notation.
var brackets = /(\[[^\[\]]*\])/g;

// serializes form fields
// @param form MUST be an HTMLForm element
// @param options is an optional argument to configure the serialization. Default output
// with no options specified is a url encoded string
//    - hash: [true | false] Configure the output type. If true, the output will
//    be a js object.
//    - serializer: [function] Optional serializer function to override the default one.
//    The function takes 3 arguments (result, key, value) and should return new result
//    hash and url encoded str serializers are provided with this module
//    - disabled: [true | false]. If true serialize disabled fields.
//    - empty: [true | false]. If true serialize empty fields
function serialize(form, options) {
    if (typeof options != 'object') {
        options = { hash: !!options };
    }
    else if (options.hash === undefined) {
        options.hash = true;
    }

    var result = (options.hash) ? {} : '';
    var serializer = options.serializer || ((options.hash) ? hash_serializer : str_serialize);

    var elements = form && form.elements ? form.elements : [];

    //Object store each radio and set if it's empty or not
    var radio_store = Object.create(null);

    for (var i=0 ; i<elements.length ; ++i) {
        var element = elements[i];

        // ingore disabled fields
        if ((!options.disabled && element.disabled) || !element.name) {
            continue;
        }
        // ignore anyhting that is not considered a success field
        if (!k_r_success_contrls.test(element.nodeName) ||
            k_r_submitter.test(element.type)) {
            continue;
        }

        var key = element.name;
        var val = element.value;

        // we can't just use element.value for checkboxes cause some browsers lie to us
        // they say "on" for value when the box isn't checked
        if ((element.type === 'checkbox' || element.type === 'radio') && !element.checked) {
            val = undefined;
        }

        // If we want empty elements
        if (options.empty) {
            // for checkbox
            if (element.type === 'checkbox' && !element.checked) {
                val = '';
            }

            // for radio
            if (element.type === 'radio') {
                if (!radio_store[element.name] && !element.checked) {
                    radio_store[element.name] = false;
                }
                else if (element.checked) {
                    radio_store[element.name] = true;
                }
            }

            // if options empty is true, continue only if its radio
            if (val == undefined && element.type == 'radio') {
                continue;
            }
        }
        else {
            // value-less fields are ignored unless options.empty is true
            if (!val) {
                continue;
            }
        }

        // multi select boxes
        if (element.type === 'select-multiple') {
            val = [];

            var selectOptions = element.options;
            var isSelectedOptions = false;
            for (var j=0 ; j<selectOptions.length ; ++j) {
                var option = selectOptions[j];
                var allowedEmpty = options.empty && !option.value;
                var hasValue = (option.value || allowedEmpty);
                if (option.selected && hasValue) {
                    isSelectedOptions = true;

                    // If using a hash serializer be sure to add the
                    // correct notation for an array in the multi-select
                    // context. Here the name attribute on the select element
                    // might be missing the trailing bracket pair. Both names
                    // "foo" and "foo[]" should be arrays.
                    if (options.hash && key.slice(key.length - 2) !== '[]') {
                        result = serializer(result, key + '[]', option.value);
                    }
                    else {
                        result = serializer(result, key, option.value);
                    }
                }
            }

            // Serialize if no selected options and options.empty is true
            if (!isSelectedOptions && options.empty) {
                result = serializer(result, key, '');
            }

            continue;
        }

        result = serializer(result, key, val);
    }

    // Check for all empty radio buttons and serialize them with key=""
    if (options.empty) {
        for (var key in radio_store) {
            if (!radio_store[key]) {
                result = serializer(result, key, '');
            }
        }
    }

    return result;
}

function parse_keys(string) {
    var keys = [];
    var prefix = /^([^\[\]]*)/;
    var children = new RegExp(brackets);
    var match = prefix.exec(string);

    if (match[1]) {
        keys.push(match[1]);
    }

    while ((match = children.exec(string)) !== null) {
        keys.push(match[1]);
    }

    return keys;
}

function hash_assign(result, keys, value) {
    if (keys.length === 0) {
        result = value;
        return result;
    }

    var key = keys.shift();
    var between = key.match(/^\[(.+?)\]$/);

    if (key === '[]') {
        result = result || [];

        if (Array.isArray(result)) {
            result.push(hash_assign(null, keys, value));
        }
        else {
            // This might be the result of bad name attributes like "[][foo]",
            // in this case the original `result` object will already be
            // assigned to an object literal. Rather than coerce the object to
            // an array, or cause an exception the attribute "_values" is
            // assigned as an array.
            result._values = result._values || [];
            result._values.push(hash_assign(null, keys, value));
        }

        return result;
    }

    // Key is an attribute name and can be assigned directly.
    if (!between) {
        result[key] = hash_assign(result[key], keys, value);
    }
    else {
        var string = between[1];
        // +var converts the variable into a number
        // better than parseInt because it doesn't truncate away trailing
        // letters and actually fails if whole thing is not a number
        var index = +string;

        // If the characters between the brackets is not a number it is an
        // attribute name and can be assigned directly.
        if (isNaN(index)) {
            result = result || {};
            result[string] = hash_assign(result[string], keys, value);
        }
        else {
            result = result || [];
            result[index] = hash_assign(result[index], keys, value);
        }
    }

    return result;
}

// Object/hash encoding serializer.
function hash_serializer(result, key, value) {
    var matches = key.match(brackets);

    // Has brackets? Use the recursive assignment function to walk the keys,
    // construct any missing objects in the result tree and make the assignment
    // at the end of the chain.
    if (matches) {
        var keys = parse_keys(key);
        hash_assign(result, keys, value);
    }
    else {
        // Non bracket notation can make assignments directly.
        var existing = result[key];

        // If the value has been assigned already (for instance when a radio and
        // a checkbox have the same name attribute) convert the previous value
        // into an array before pushing into it.
        //
        // NOTE: If this requirement were removed all hash creation and
        // assignment could go through `hash_assign`.
        if (existing) {
            if (!Array.isArray(existing)) {
                result[key] = [ existing ];
            }

            result[key].push(value);
        }
        else {
            result[key] = value;
        }
    }

    return result;
}

// urlform encoding serializer
function str_serialize(result, key, value) {
    // encode newlines as \r\n cause the html spec says so
    value = value.replace(/(\r)?\n/g, '\r\n');
    value = encodeURIComponent(value);

    // spaces should be '+' rather than '%20'.
    value = value.replace(/%20/g, '+');
    return result + (result ? '&' : '') + encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + value;
}

文章来源:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_62943934/article/details/135239239
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