Python开发运维:Python调用K8S API实现资源管理
目录
2.Python操作K8S API创建deployment资源
2.Python通过调用哪些方法实现Pod和Deployment管理
3.? __name__ == '__main__' 有何作用
一、实验
1.Python操作K8S API获取资源
(1)在Windows上安装kubernetes模块
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install --ignore-installed kubernetes
pip install --ignore-installed ipaddress
(2)认证
#把k8s集群的控制节点上的/root/.kube/config传到自己的电脑指定路径下
#下载到桌面
sz /root/.kube/config
下载到桌面传到C盘
(3)新建项目
(4)新建python file
(5)编写代码:python-k8s-api.py
import kubernetes
from kubernetes import client,config
config.kube_config.load_kube_config(config_file='C:\config')
#获取CoreV1API版本对象
v1 = client.CoreV1Api()
#列出来k8s中的所有名称空间
for namespace in v1.list_namespace().items:
print(namespace.metadata.name)
(6)查看namespace
kubectl get ns
(7)?列举所有名称空间下的所有service
services=v1.list_service_for_all_namespaces()
for svc in services.items:
print('%s \t%s \t%s \t%s \n' %(svc.metadata.namespace,svc.metadata.name,svc.spec.cluster_ip,svc.spec.ports))
(8) 查看svc
kubectl get svc
(9)?列举所有名称空间下的pod资源
pods=v1.list_pod_for_all_namespaces()
for i in pods.items:
print("%s\t%s\t%s" %(i.status.pod_ip,i.metadata.namespace,i.metadata.name))
(10) 查看pod
kubectl get pods
(11)client.AppsV1Api对象可以操作跟k8s中控制器相关资源对象,列举所有名称空间的deployment
v1_deploy=client.AppsV1Api()
deploys=v1_deploy.list_deployment_for_all_namespaces()
for i in deploys.items:
print("%s\t%s\t%s"%(i.metadata.name,i.metadata.namespace,i.spec.replicas))
(12)查看deploy
2.Python操作K8S API创建deployment资源
(1) 编写代码:python-api-deploy.py
from os import path
import yaml
from kubernetes import client,config
#引入要用的包
def main():
config.load_kube_config(config_file='C:\config')
#读入集群相关信息,指定操作集群
with open(path.join(path.dirname(__file__),"nginx-deploy.yaml")) as f:
dep=yaml.safe_load(f)
k8s_apps_v1=client.AppsV1Api()
resp = k8s_apps_v1.create_namespaced_deployment(body=dep,namespace='default')
print('deployment created,name=%s'%(resp.metadata.name))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
(2)编写deployment文件:?nginx-deploy.yaml
apiversion : apps/v1
kind : Deployment
metadata:
name : nginx-deployment
labels :
app: nginx
spec :
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels :
app: nginx
template:
metadata :
labels :
app: nginx
spec :
containers:
- name : nginx
image: nginx
ports :
- containerPort : 80
(3) 目录
(4)运行代码
(5)K8S集群查看deployment
kubectl get deploy
(6)查看pod
kubectl get pod
3.Python操作K8S API删除k8s资源
(1)编写代码:api-delete-k8s.py
from os import path
import yaml
from kubernetes import client,config
def main():
config.load_kube_config(config_file='C:\config')
k8s_core_v1=client.CoreV1Api()
resp=k8s_core_v1.delete_namespaced_pod(namespace='default',name='nginx-7f466444dc-w2cqq')
print('delete pod')
main()
(2)查看pod
kubectl get pods
4.Python操作K8S API修改k8s资源
(1)查看pod
(2)?编写代码:api-modify-k8s.py
from os import path
import yaml
from kubernetes import client,config
def main():
config.load_kube_config(config_file='C:\config')
k8s_core_v1=client.CoreV1Api()
old_resp=k8s_core_v1.read_namespaced_pod(namespace='default',name=' nginx-deployment-7848d4b86f-57rvf')
old_resp.spec.containers[0].image='busybox'
#修改镜像
new_resp=k8s_core_v1.patch_namespaced_pod(namespace='default',name=' nginx-deployment-7848d4b86f-57rvf ',body=old_resp)
print(new_resp.spec.containers[0].image)
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
(3)?操作pod: nginx-deployment-7848d4b86f-57rvf ,将pod镜像nginx修改为busybox
(4) 查看pod
kubectl get pods
(5)??查看pod详细信息,pod镜像nginx已修改为busybox
kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-7848d4b86f-57rvf
5.Python操作K8S API查看k8s资源
(1)编写代码:api-read-k8s.py
from os import path
import yaml
from kubernetes import client,config
def main():
config.load_kube_config(config_file='C:\config')
k8s_core_v1=client.CoreV1Api()
resp=k8s_core_v1.read_namespaced_pod(namespace='default',name=' nginx-deployment-7848d4b86f-57rvf')
print('read pod')
# print(resp)
#读取指定的信息
print(resp.spec.containers[0])
print(resp.spec.containers[0].image)
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
(2)?查看pod
kubectl get pods
(3)读取pod: nginx-deployment-7848d4b86f-57rvf 信息
二、问题
1.Windows11安装kubernetes报错
(1)报错
(2)原因分析
未更新pip
(3)解决方法
执行如下命令:
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install --ignore-installed kubernetes
上面报错需要重装:
如下面报错需要安装ipaddress:
pip install --ignore-installed ipaddress
kubernetes模块安装成功:
2.Python通过调用哪些方法实现Pod和Deployment管理
(1)?Pod
Pod调用CoreV1Api方法
(2)?Deployment
Deployment调用AppsV1Api 方法
3.? __name__ == '__main__' 有何作用
(1)问题
希望保留末尾测试代码,即上面调用函数和类,但也不希望再导入模块的时候执行。
(2)作用
利用Python文件的一个内置属性__name__实现,如果直接运行Python文件,__name__的值是"__main__",如果import一个模块,那么模块的__name__的值是"文件名"。
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