创建VScode的C/C++编译环境

安装软件

可以选择安装Dev-Cpp、BlockCode或者MinGW。这里选择了Dev-Cpp。

json文件

launch.json

{  
    "version": "0.2.0",  
    "configurations": [  
        {  
            "name": "（gdb) Launch", // 配置名称，将会在启动配置的下拉菜单中显示  
            "type": "cppdbg",       // 配置类型，这里只能为cppdbg  
            "request": "launch",    // 请求配置类型，可以为launch（启动）或attach（附加）  
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",// 将要进行调试的程序的路径  
            "args": [],             // 程序调试时传递给程序的命令行参数，一般设为空即可  
            "stopAtEntry": false,   // 设为true时程序将暂停在程序入口处，一般设置为false  
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}", // 调试程序时的工作目录，一般为${workspaceFolder}即代码所在目录  
            "environment": [],  
            "externalConsole": true, // 调试时是否显示控制台窗口，一般设置为true显示控制台  
            "MIMode": "gdb",  
            "miDebuggerPath": "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Dev-Cpp\\MinGW64\\bin\\gdb.exe", // miDebugger的路径，注意这里要与MinGw的路径对应  
            "preLaunchTask": "g++.exe build active file", // 调试会话开始前执行的任务，一般为编译程序，c++为g++, c为gcc. 和tasks中label保持一致  
            "setupCommands": [  
                {   
		            "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",  
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",  
                    "ignoreFailures": true  
                }  
            ] 
        }  
    ]  
}

tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "g++.exe build active file",  // 和launch.json中preLaunchTask保持一致
            "command": "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Dev-Cpp\\MinGW64\\bin\\g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": "build",
            "detail": "编译器: \"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Dev-Cpp\\MinGW64\\bin\\g++.exe\""
        }
    ]
}

c_cpp_properties.json

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "C:/Program Files (x86)/Dev-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.9.2/include/c++",
                "C:/Program Files (x86)/Dev-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.9.2/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                "C:/Program Files (x86)/Dev-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.9.2/include/c++/backward",
                "C:/Program Files (x86)/Dev-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.9.2/include",
                "C:/Program Files (x86)/Dev-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.9.2/../../../../include",
                "C:/Program Files (x86)/Dev-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.9.2/include-fixed",
                "C:/Program Files (x86)/Dev-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.9.2/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "C:/Program Files (x86)/Dev-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/g++.exe",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "${default}"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

在系统环境变量的PATH中添加路径：
C:\Program Files (x86)\Dev-Cpp\MinGW64\bin