云计算试题

一

使用VMware软件和提供的CentOS-7-x86 64-DVD-1511.iso创建虚拟机，自行配置好网络并多添加一块大小为20G的硬盘，使用fdisk命令对该硬盘进形分区，要求分出三个大小为5G的分区。使用这三个分区，创建名xcloudvg的卷组。然后创建名xcloudlv的逻辑卷，大小为12G，最后用xfs文件系统对逻辑卷进行格式化并挂载到/mnt目录下。将上述所有操作命令和返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框

[root@localhost ~]# ?fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x98399b7d.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
? ?p ? primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
? ?e ? extended
Select (default p):?
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):?
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):?
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +5G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
? ?p ? primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
? ?e ? extended
Select (default p):?
Using default response p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):?
First sector (10487808-41943039, default 10487808):?
Using default value 10487808
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (10487808-41943039, default 41943039): +5G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
? ?p ? primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
? ?e ? extended
Select (default p):?
Using default response p
Partition number (3,4, default 3):?
First sector (20973568-41943039, default 20973568):?
Using default value 20973568
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20973568-41943039, default 41943039): +5G
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME ? ? ? ? ? ?MAJ:MIN RM ?SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 8:0 ? ?0 ? 40G ?0 disk?
├─sda1 ? ? ? ? ? ?8:1 ? ?0 ?500M ?0 part /boot
└─sda2 ? ? ? ? ? ?8:2 ? ?0 39.5G ?0 part?
? ├─centos-root 253:0 ? ?0 35.6G ?0 lvm ?/
? └─centos-swap 253:1 ? ?0 ?3.9G ?0 lvm ?[SWAP]
sdb ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 8:16 ? 0 ? 20G ?0 disk?
├─sdb1 ? ? ? ? ? ?8:17 ? 0 ? ?5G ?0 part?
├─sdb2 ? ? ? ? ? ?8:18 ? 0 ? ?5G ?0 part?
└─sdb3 ? ? ? ? ? ?8:19 ? 0 ? ?5G ?0 part?
sr0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?11:0 ? ?1 1024M ?0 rom ?

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate xcloudvg /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3
? Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
? Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
? Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created
? Volume group "xcloudvg" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# ?lvcreate -n xcloudlv -L 12G xcloudvg
? Logical volume "xcloudlv" created.
[root@localhost ~]# ?mkfs -t xfs /dev/mapper/xcloudvg-xcloudlv
meta-data=/dev/mapper/xcloudvg-xcloudlv isize=256 ? ?agcount=4, agsize=786432 blks
? ? ? ? ?= ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? sectsz=512 ? attr=2, projid32bit=1
? ? ? ? ?= ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? crc=0 ? ? ? ?finobt=0
data ? ? = ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? bsize=4096 ? blocks=3145728, imaxpct=25
? ? ? ? ?= ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? sunit=0 ? ? ?swidth=0 blks
naming ? =version 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?bsize=4096 ? ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log ? ? ?=internal log ? ? ? ? ? bsize=4096 ? blocks=2560, version=2
? ? ? ? ?= ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? sectsz=512 ? sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? extsz=4096 ? blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/mapper/xcloudvg-xcloudlv /mnt

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?MAJ:MIN RM ?SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 8:0 ? ?0 ? 40G ?0 disk?
├─sda1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8:1 ? ?0 ?500M ?0 part /boot
└─sda2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8:2 ? ?0 39.5G ?0 part?
? ├─centos-root ? ? ? 253:0 ? ?0 35.6G ?0 lvm ?/
? └─centos-swap ? ? ? 253:1 ? ?0 ?3.9G ?0 lvm ?[SWAP]
sdb ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 8:16 ? 0 ? 20G ?0 disk?
├─sdb1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8:17 ? 0 ? ?5G ?0 part?
│ └─xcloudvg-xcloudlv 253:2 ? ?0 ? 12G ?0 lvm ?/mnt
├─sdb2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8:18 ? 0 ? ?5G ?0 part?
│ └─xcloudvg-xcloudlv 253:2 ? ?0 ? 12G ?0 lvm ?/mnt
└─sdb3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8:19 ? 0 ? ?5G ?0 part?
? └─xcloudvg-xcloudlv 253:2 ? ?0 ? 12G ?0 lvm ?/mnt
sr0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?11:0 ? ?1 1024M ?0 rom ?

二

使用VMware软件和提供的CentOS-7-x86 64-DVD-1511.iso创建虚拟机，自行配置好网络和YUM源，安装mariadb数据库，安装完毕后登录数据库，查询当前系统的时间和用户。依次将操作命令和返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框。(数据库用户名root，密码000000: 关于数据库的命令均使用小写

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo ?CentOS-Debuginfo.repo ?CentOS-Media.repo ? ?CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo ? ?CentOS-fasttrack.repo ?CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv C* bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi loacl.repo
[centos]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///opt/centos
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

~

"loacl.repo" [New] 6L, 70C written
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
[root@localhost opt]# mkdir centos
[root@localhost opt]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg ? ? ? ? ? ? ? cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img ?K8S.tar.gz ?wordpress-4.7.3-zh_CN.zip
CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso ?Docker.tar.gz ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? lnmp
[root@localhost ~]# mount CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso /opt/centos
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
centos ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?| 3.6 kB ?00:00:00 ? ??
(1/2): centos/group_gz ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?| 155 kB ?00:00:00 ? ??
(2/2): centos/primary_db ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?| 2.8 MB ?00:00:00 ? ??
Determining fastest mirrors
repo id ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? repo name ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?status
centos ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?centos ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3,723
repolist: 3,723
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
......

Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
? ? ? SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! ?PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. ?If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): ? ? ? (enter回车)
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:?
Re-enter new password:?
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
?... Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. ?This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. ?You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
?... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. ?This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
?... skipping.

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. ?This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
?- Dropping test database...
?... Success!
?- Removing privileges on test database...
?... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
?... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done! ?If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. ?Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database ? ? ? ? ? |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> select sysdate();
+---------------------+
| sysdate() ? ? ? ? ? |
+---------------------+
| 2023-12-26 09:58:33 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> select user();
+----------------+
| user() ? ? ? ? |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

[root@localhost ~]#?