java解析json复杂数据的两种思路

2024-01-09 17:41:23

文章目录

一、原始需求
二、简单分析
三、具体实现一
四、具体实现二
- 1. 核心代码
- 2.运行结果
五、方案比较
六、源码传送

一、原始需求

萌新小明最近新开了CSDN博客，蠢蠢欲动，迫不及待的发表了几篇工作中积累下来的解决问题的涂鸦之作，看着访问量慢慢涨起来，心中暗暗窃喜。现在小明想每天23点记录一下每篇文章的访问量

二、简单分析

对照需求，可以简单分解为如下步骤：

每天23点自动运行任务，实现方式：@Scheduled、cron表达式
获取每篇文章的访问量，实现方式：api接口、数据解析
记录每篇文章的访问量，实现方式：javaBean、JDBC、ORM框架

三、具体实现一

步骤1、3代码实现比较常见，不再详细描述具体实现。
下面我们详细描述步骤2的具体实现

1. api接口

接口地址： https://blog.csdn.net/community/home-api/v1/get-business-list?page={页号}&size={当前页数据条数}&businessType=blog&username={用户名}

2. 接口返回

以下面的接口为例：
https://blog.csdn.net/community/home-api/v1/get-business-list?page=1&size=5&businessType=blog&username=qq_16127313

返回数据如下：

{
	"code": 200,
	"message": "success",
	"traceId": "5a64396a-caf3-49ad-a6db-022c55660b75",
	"data": {
		"list": [
			{
				"articleId": 135244727,
				"title": "java lambda表达式训练题一",
				"description": "Lambda 表达式，也可称为闭包，它是推动 Java 8 发布的最重要新特性。Lambda 允许把函数作为一个方法的参数（函数作为参数传递进方法中）。使用 Lambda 表达式可以使代码变的更加简洁紧凑。",
				"url": "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16127313/article/details/135244727",
				"type": 1,
				"top": false,
				"forcePlan": false,
				"viewCount": 1019,
				"commentCount": 0,
				"editUrl": "https://editor.csdn.net/md?articleId=135244727",
				"postTime": "2023-12-27 18:07:30",
				"diggCount": 7,
				"formatTime": "2023.12.27",
				"picList": [
					"https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/d59c68b950754e879914b5319cd1b53f.png"
				],
				"collectCount": 8
			},
			{
				"articleId": 135173565,
				"title": "二维码初体验 com.google.zxing 实现续 - web api封装",
				"description": "在 二维码初体验 com.google.zxing 实现 我们实现了二维码的生成，但是大部分情况下，二维码的相关功能是作为API接口来提供服务的。我们下面便演示在springboot、Knife4j下封装api接口来实现二维码生成功能。如何使用下面的备份文件恢复成原始的项目代码，请移步查阅：神奇代码恢复工具-over-",
				"url": "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16127313/article/details/135173565",
				"type": 1,
				"top": false,
				"forcePlan": false,
				"viewCount": 1693,
				"commentCount": 0,
				"editUrl": "https://editor.csdn.net/md?articleId=135173565",
				"postTime": "2023-12-23 20:17:11",
				"diggCount": 23,
				"formatTime": "2023.12.23",
				"picList": [
					"https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/f0c994ca789a495a8c8c03d86d626f24.jpeg"
				],
				"collectCount": 23
			},
			{
				"articleId": 135167613,
				"title": "二维码初体验 com.google.zxing 实现",
				"description": "Java 操作二维码的开源项目很多，如 SwetakeQRCode、BarCode4j、Zxing 等，这边以Zxing 为例进行介绍。选择需要生成QR原始文件，支持 “清除空白行及空格” 以减少二维码图片大小。支持输入文本内容，直接生成二维码代码结构QrCodeUI: 完整版本代码SimpleQrCodeUI：简化版本代码如何使用下面的备份文件恢复成原始的项目代码，请移步查阅：神奇代码恢复工具-over-",
				"url": "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16127313/article/details/135167613",
				"type": 1,
				"top": false,
				"forcePlan": false,
				"viewCount": 1081,
				"commentCount": 0,
				"editUrl": "https://editor.csdn.net/md?articleId=135167613",
				"postTime": "2023-12-23 13:52:23",
				"diggCount": 6,
				"formatTime": "2023.12.23",
				"picList": [
					"https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/d3eeac85857543869dce8967c570bdc4.jpeg"
				],
				"collectCount": 11
			},
			{
				"articleId": 135135799,
				"title": "【随笔】MD5加密字符串、文件apache、springframework实现",
				"description": "【代码】【随笔】MD5加密字符串、文件commons-codec、springframework实现。",
				"url": "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16127313/article/details/135135799",
				"type": 1,
				"top": false,
				"forcePlan": false,
				"viewCount": 1507,
				"commentCount": 0,
				"editUrl": "https://editor.csdn.net/md?articleId=135135799",
				"postTime": "2023-12-21 17:29:54",
				"diggCount": 9,
				"formatTime": "2023.12.21",
				"picList": [
					"https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/dc26b7f1c731494f80c8c3b3badfa95d.jpeg"
				],
				"collectCount": 9
			},
			{
				"articleId": 135087188,
				"title": "【随笔】java工程中JSON 字符串格式化输出",
				"description": "json字符串格式化输出fastjson、gson、jackson实现。",
				"url": "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16127313/article/details/135087188",
				"type": 1,
				"top": false,
				"forcePlan": false,
				"viewCount": 1198,
				"commentCount": 0,
				"editUrl": "https://editor.csdn.net/md?articleId=135087188",
				"postTime": "2023-12-19 17:07:40",
				"diggCount": 8,
				"formatTime": "2023.12.19",
				"picList": [
					"https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/058249a1749e4ff5b62e1fcabf516c37.png"
				],
				"collectCount": 6
			}
		],
		"total": 71
	}
}

3. json 数据解析

在Java中，可以使用多种库来解析JSON数据。其中最常用的是fastjson、gson和jackson。
这边我们以jackson为例来说明。

1.）引入Jackson库

<dependency>  
   <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  
   <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>  
   <version>2.13.0</version>  
</dependency>

2.）定义实体

注意这边实体属性一定要跟json数据字段key对应，否则会解析报错

@Data
class BlogData
{
    private Integer code;
    
    private String message;
    
    private String traceId;
    
    private Record data;
}

@Data
class Record
{
    private List<SubList> list;
    
    private Long total;
}

@Data
class SubList
{
    String articleId;
    
    String title;
    
    String description;
    
    String url;
    
    Integer type;
    
    String top;
    
    String forcePlan;
    
    Long viewCount;
    
    Long commentCount;
    
    String editUrl;
    
    String postTime;
    
    Long diggCount;
    
    String formatTime;
    
    Object picList;
    
    Long collectCount;
}

3.）解析json字符串

        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String url = "https://blog.csdn.net/community/home-api/v1/get-business-list?page=1&size=5&businessType=blog&username=qq_16127313";
        String resp = webClient.get().uri(url).acceptCharset(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).retrieve().bodyToMono(String.class).block();
        BlogData blogData = mapper.readValue(resp, BlogData.class);
        log.info("blogData: {} ", blogData);

4.）运行结果

在这里插入图片描述

4. 过程分析

分析整个json数据解析过程，我们发现在实体定义步骤上，花费了我们太多精力和时间，而且一旦json数据key命名有变化或属性名命名不对应，便会打印类似下面的错误信息：

com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.UnrecognizedPropertyException: Unrecognized field "collectCount" (class com.fly.test.restful.json.SubList), not marked as ignorable (15 known properties: "formatTime", "editUrl", "picList", "viewCount", "collectCount1", "postTime", "url", "commentCount", "articleId", "forcePlan", "top", "title", "type", "description", "diggCount"])
 at [Source: (String)"{"code":200,"message":"success","traceId":"ce6fbb2f-72da-4a9c-9cf4-4e532a942210","data":{"list":[{"articleId":135244727,"title":"java lambda表达式训练题一","description":"Lambda 表达式，也可称为闭包，它是推动 Java 8 发布的最重要新特性。Lambda 允许把函数作为一个方法的参数（函数作为参数传递进方法中）。使用 Lambda 表达式可以使代码变的更加简洁紧凑。","url":"https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16127313/article/details/135244727","type":1,"top":false,"forcePlan":false,"viewCount":1081,"commentCount":0,"editUrl":"https://editor.csdn.net/md?articleId=135244727","postTime":"2023-12-27 18:07:30"[truncated 2457 chars]; line: 1, column: 645] (through reference chain: com.fly.test.restful.json.BlogData["data"]->com.fly.test.restful.json.Record["list"]->java.util.ArrayList[0]->com.fly.test.restful.json.SubList["collectCount"])
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.UnrecognizedPropertyException.from(UnrecognizedPropertyException.java:61)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationContext.handleUnknownProperty(DeserializationContext.java:840)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.StdDeserializer.handleUnknownProperty(StdDeserializer.java:1206)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializerBase.handleUnknownProperty(BeanDeserializerBase.java:1592)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializerBase.handleUnknownVanilla(BeanDeserializerBase.java:1570)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializer.vanillaDeserialize(BeanDeserializer.java:294)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializer.deserialize(BeanDeserializer.java:151)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.CollectionDeserializer.deserialize(CollectionDeserializer.java:286)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.CollectionDeserializer.deserialize(CollectionDeserializer.java:245)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.CollectionDeserializer.deserialize(CollectionDeserializer.java:27)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.impl.MethodProperty.deserializeAndSet(MethodProperty.java:129)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializer.vanillaDeserialize(BeanDeserializer.java:288)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializer.deserialize(BeanDeserializer.java:151)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.impl.MethodProperty.deserializeAndSet(MethodProperty.java:129)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializer.vanillaDeserialize(BeanDeserializer.java:288)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializer.deserialize(BeanDeserializer.java:151)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper._readMapAndClose(ObjectMapper.java:4202)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper.readValue(ObjectMapper.java:3205)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper.readValue(ObjectMapper.java:3173)
	at com.fly.test.restful.json.ParseJson.test2(ParseJson.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:675)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:125)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:132)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:124)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:74)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:104)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:62)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:43)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:35)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:202)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:198)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:135)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:69)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:135)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
	at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
	at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:197)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:137)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit5.runner.JUnit5TestReference.run(JUnit5TestReference.java:98)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:40)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:529)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:756)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:452)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:210)

四、具体实现二

在上面的实现中，通过分析得知，我们关注的信息只有url、viewCount这2个字段值，并不关心其他字段信息。
在【随笔】java工程中JSON 字符串格式化输出中我们已经实现了将json字符串格式化后输出，仔细观察输出信息，会发现简单数据对象（如key、value均为字符串、数字等类型数据）均在同一行，这样我们通过解析输出的行字符串信息，便能得到对应信息。

1. 核心代码


        // 调用接口
        String url = "https://blog.csdn.net/community/home-api/v1/get-business-list?page=1&size=5&businessType=blog&username=qq_16127313";
        String resp = webClient.get().uri(url).acceptCharset(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).retrieve().bodyToMono(String.class).block();
        
        // 数据格式化-jackson格式化后会在:前后添加空格
        String pretty = mapper.readTree(resp).toPrettyString();
        List<String> lines = IOUtils.readLines(new StringReader(pretty));
        
        // 获取url
        List<String> urls = lines.stream().filter(line -> StringUtils.contains(line, "\"url\"")).map(n -> StringUtils.substringBetween(n, " : \"", "\",")).collect(Collectors.toList());
        urls.stream().forEach(log::info);
        
        // 获取viewCount
        List<String> viewCounts = lines.stream().filter(line -> StringUtils.contains(line, "\"viewCount\"")).map(n -> StringUtils.substringBetween(n, " : ", ",")).collect(Collectors.toList());
        viewCounts.stream().forEach(log::info);

2.运行结果

在这里插入图片描述

五、方案比较

目标	方案一	方案二
复杂度	复杂	简单
健壮性	稍不足，需保证实体属性与json key全部严格对应	健壮，只需保证获取数据key正确

六、源码传送

https://gitee.com/00fly/effict-side/blob/master/springboot-cache/src/test/java/com/fly/test/restful/json/ParseJson.java

大家可以根据需要选择方案，有任何问题和建议，都可以向我提问讨论,大家一起进步，谢谢!

-over-

文章来源:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16127313/article/details/135418954
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